Заголовок: ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2023. Досрочная волна.
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РЕШУ ЕГЭ — английский язык
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ЕГЭ по английскому языку 2023. Досрочная волна.

1.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те 6 вы­ска­зы­ва­ний. Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между вы­ска­зы­ва­ни­я­ми каж­до­го го­во­ря­ще­го A–F и утвер­жде­ни­я­ми, дан­ны­ми в спис­ке 1–7. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дое утвер­жде­ние, обо­зна­чен­ное со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей циф­рой, толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть одно лиш­нее утвер­жде­ние. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

1.  Cooking can become a great career.

2.  Cooking can help save some money.

3.  Cooking takes too much of your time.

4.  Cooking is always very expensive.

5.  Cooking can be a way to lose weight.

6.  It’s great to cook on special occasions.

7.  Cooking brings families together.

 

Го­во­ря­щийABCDEF
Утвер­жде­ние
2.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те диа­лог. Опре­де­ли­те, какие из при­ве­ден­ных утвер­жде­ний А–G со­от­вет­ству­ют со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста (1  — True), какие не со­от­вет­ству­ют (2  — False) и о чем в тек­сте не ска­за­но, то есть на ос­но­ва­нии тек­ста нель­зя дать ни по­ло­жи­тель­но­го, ни от­ри­ца­тель­но­го от­ве­та (3  — Not stated). За­не­си­те номер вы­бран­но­го Вами ва­ри­ан­та от­ве­та в таб­ли­цу. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

A.  Kate doesn’t like rainy weather.

B.  Josh likes watching TV.

C.  Kate often played Monopoly in her childhood.

D.  Cluedo is a board game which needs one player.

E.  Cluedo has a dice and a game board.

F.  One quickly gets bored with Cluedo.

G.  Kate isn’t interested in playing Cluedo.

 

За­пи­ши­те в ответ цифры, рас­по­ло­жив их в по­ряд­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щем бук­вам:

 

Утвер­жде­ниеABCDEFG
Со­от­вет­ствие диа­ло­гу
3.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What do we learn about Chris Black at the beginning of the interview?

 

1.  He has won some literary awards.

2.  He dislikes living in California.

3.  He combines writing and teaching.


4.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Second-⁠person narration reminds Chris of playing...

 

1.  ...board games.

2.  ...video games.

3.  ...active games.

5.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Second-⁠person fiction makes the reader feel as if they are...

 

1.  ...solving their problems.

2.  ...talking with a narrator.

3.  ...becoming part of the story.


6.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Chris love about flash fiction?

 

1.  He can write an entire book in one day.

2.  He’s able to publish his books quickly.

3.  He can give his readers food for thought.


7.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Chris sometimes wants to make his stories...

 

1.  ...longer.

2.  ...profitable.

3.  ...popular.


8.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

According to Chris, what is special about fairy-⁠tale-⁠inspired fiction?

 

1.  It helps readers to understand themselves better.

2.  It focuses on some horrible things that always happen.

3.  It can enable one to work as an adult psychologist.


9.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Chris admire most about Angela Carter?

 

1.  She taught him the basics of writing.

2.  Many of her characters are kind people.

3.  She created a new literary genre.


10.  
i

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между тек­ста­ми A–G и за­го­лов­ка­ми 1–8. За­пи­ши­те свои от­ве­ты в таб­ли­цу. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дую цифру толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии один за­го­ло­вок лиш­ний.

 

1.  Various activities to do.

2.  Seeing wild animals.

3.  Funny names.

4.  Seaside observation point.

5.  Almost at the shore.

6.  Quiet places to explore.

7.  Different tactics.

8.  Pet-⁠friendly booking.

 

A.  The English have a very ironic sense of humour, and it may become clear when you discover what some of the towns and villages across England and the United Kingdom are called. Some are hilarious, while others are just plain rude. It is important to keep an eye out when you pass through the English countryside to see if you can spot a few on your travels. There’s Sheepy Parva and Sheepy Magna in Lancashire, Greedy Gut in Somerset, No Place in Derbyshire. There is always something to keep people entertained during their trip!

 

B.  England is part of the British Isles and a large archipelago off the coast of Europe. It is not a very big country. In fact, you could fit all the United Kingdom, that is, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, inside Texas, the USA, over 2.8 times. So, it shouldn’t come as too much surprise to know that you are never far from the sea when you are in England. In fact, even if you are standing in the very center of the country, you are still no more than 70 miles away from the coast. What a shame that the English weather doesn’t often encourage a beach day!

 

C.  Badgers are not always a farmer’s best friends, but Badger Watch farm in deepest rural Dorset has decided to exploit rather than fight Britain’s cutest large mammals. Extremely difficult to spot, a badger seen in the wild is an unforgettable experience. Two specially designed hides at Badger Watch Dorset offer one of the best chances of finding one. Each hide can be booked privately for up to eight people, from 6.30 pm until the lights are shut off at midnight. Alongside badgers, the hides offer a good chance of seeing foxes, deer, and rabbits.

 

D.  Holidays are the best opportunity to explore the UK and overseas territories, spending quality time with family or friends including a four-⁠legged one. In fact, holidays are the best excuse to go on some nice dog adventure and give your dog the best time. To plan your perfect holiday, it’s a matter of finding a place suitable for dogs. The good news is that there is more choice than you may think. We found that almost all holiday accommodation and hotels have a filter which you can use to navigate your options, although some are better presented than others.

 

E.  The Hebrides are a beautiful archipelago, where Scottish Gaelic is still spoken. Each day will be a

combination of relaxation and adventure. On a full day’s excursion, we may spend four or five hours in the kayaks and cover between seven and ten miles, with plenty of opportunities to land and explore islands on foot. One of the best ways to explore its coastline and spot some of the many bird species, otters and seals is by kayak. We can offer full-⁠day guided trips, taking in hidden coves, long sandy beaches, and hidden ancient sites.

 

F.  You never forget your first whale. Such sightings are, of course, down to good fortune and timing, but once you’ve seen your first whale, you will want to see another and another. Famous for its whaling fleet, the Yorkshire coast is one of the best places in England to spot Minke whales, which appear in late summer, following the mackerel. From the coastline of the Outer Hebrides, you can spot up to 23 species of whales, more than a quarter of the world’s 89 known species, which pass through the waters off the west coast of Scotland.

 

G.  In summer the possibility of finding a calm area away from the crowds of holiday-⁠goers can be a difficult task. Known as the Heritage Coast, the Northumberland coast area of outstanding natural beauty is surprisingly crowdfree, even in high summer. If you’re willing to relax, you’ll find a number of excellent bathing beaches here. Heritage hunters and nature watchers are spoiled with fantastically arresting castles. Most striking is the mighty fortress at Bamburgh. Many architectural historians have declared this the most wondrous of all England’s coastal castles.

 

ТекстABCDEFG
За­го­ло­вок
11.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

Kenya

Kenya  — the name is almost synonymous with the word "safari." Few other places on the planet evoke such a spirit of adventure and romance. The diversity of things to do in Kenya dazzles all who visit it, A _______________________. In those sunny lands, ancient tribes, such as the Maasai, Kikuyu, and Samburu, retain their traditional customs, B _______________________.

Crowned by Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest peak, Amboseli National Reserve is one of Kenya’s most popular tourist parks. The reserve is one of the best places in Africa C _______________________. Other wildlife commonly spotted in the park includes big cats, such as lion and cheetah, as well as giraffes, impalas, gazelles, D _______________________. Nature lovers can explore five different habitats there, ranging from the dried-⁠up bed of Lake Amboseli to

wetlands, savannah, and woodlands.

Kenya is stunning. Beyond the world-⁠famous safari parks lies a collection of coastal treasures. Tourists can snorkel and dive fish-⁠rich coral reefs, relax on pearly beaches, experience the melting pot of cultures and cuisines, E _______________________. Tourists can also climb the snow-⁠covered peaks of Mount Kenya and fish for trout in crystal-⁠clear streams. To experience the romance of Kenya’s colourful colonial history, it is advised to head to Nairobi. That bustling capital is the gateway F _______________________.

 

1.  to view large herds of elephants up close

2.  living in relative harmony with the natural world

3.  to one of the world’s exciting travel destinations

4.  and viewing the country’s wildlife tops the list

5.  and explore tropical islands frozen in history

6.  resting on trees or hunting their prey in the wild

7.  and more than 600 species of different birds

 

Про­пускABCDEF
Часть пред­ло­же­ния
12.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


According to the text, college students get particularly stressed because of...

 

1.  ...health problems.

2.  ...paying for courses.

3.  ...pressure to succeed.

4.  ...personal relationships.

13.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


The author thinks that students suffer from stress physically because they...

 

1.  ...have heart problems.

2.  ...are often too emotional.

3.  ...fail to pay attention to stress signs.

4.  ...come across unexpected situations.

14.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


It is implied that college students...

 

1.  ...are more inclined to depression than graduates.

2.  ...have heavier workloads than working adults.

3.  ...speak in public more often while studying.

4.  ...can experience stress for various reasons.

15.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


The phrasal verb push off in "We often push things off until the last minute" (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to...

 

1.  ...cancel.

2.  ...postpone.

3.  ...repeat.

4.  ...accumulate.

16.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the author’s advice to cope with stress?

 

1.  Giving somebody tasks you can’t do.

2.  Getting rid of pessimistic thoughts.

3.  Planning time for socializing and rest.

4.  Dividing work into smaller parts.

17.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


According to the study mentioned in the article, the majority of students...

 

1.  ...are tired because of having too much work to do.

2.  ...sign up for sports classes to deal with stress.

3.  ...get better sleep after regular exercise.

4.  ...think that feeling worried is a problem.

18.  
i

Stress at college

Stress among college students can negatively affect academic performance, personal relationships, and overall well-⁠being. However, stress can have positive effects if managed properly.

We all encounter the stresses of daily life, and college students in particular struggle with the adjustment to busy schedules and deadlines related to overwhelming courses and exams. The continuous pressure to achieve quick results during our early years of adulthood leads to college student stress, anxiety, and mental health challenges.

Many college students ignore signs of stress and as a result experience a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Increased heart rate or blood pressure, headaches, or fatigue, for example, commonly strain our physical states. The psychological perception of pressure, on the other hand, influences our emotional reactions to unexpected situations.

Significant life events often lead to increased stress levels. However, among college students the causes are often much more subtle. A heavy workload, public speaking, or long work or study hours can lead to hostile behavior and tense reactions to unexpected situations.

By understanding the individual causes of stress, students can better prepare themselves for the academic challenges that lay ahead. College students should consider these tips in effort to reduce stress.

Improve your time management. Instead of focusing on your to-⁠do list each day, focus on the free hour you have before your next class, or the time you can gain from completing a task ahead of schedule. We often push things off until the last minute under the perception that our busy schedules don’t leave us enough time. However, what you can do to counter this procrastination is to make things bite size, break up tasks into more manageable sections. Make a designated space for work that isn’t your bed. Use a planner to block sections of time throughout your day, but make sure to leave time for yourself to socialize and relax.

Try to think positively. What if you actually scored an A on the exam you thought you failed? Just as easily as your mind imagines the worst-⁠case scenario, it can be trained to imagine the positive. When we experience stress, we tend to interpret situations negatively. Pay attention to these reactions and avoid the unexpected by getting an early start to your day. If you still notice yourself thinking negatively, pause for a second, and try not to engage in those thoughts.

Daily or weekly exercise routines will help balance your mental and physical reactions to life’s stresses. According to one study, 85% of college students reported feeling overwhelmed at some point in the previous year by everything they had to do; and 41.6% stated anxiety as the most pressing concern among sleep, improving your mood, and boosting your energy. Try 60 minutes of light walking, or 30 minutes of high intensity exercise. Sign up for yoga, join a gym, go climbing. Keep the routines interesting by combining different variations of cardio with muscle-⁠building throughout the week. Take good care of your body each day. Eating right, exercising and getting enough sleep help your body handle stress much better.

By understanding the symptoms of stress we can learn to detect when the stress is a positive boost and when it is weighing us down. Managing your stress and your health will prepare you for the unknown situations and reward you with an exciting and engaging college experience.


The main goal of the article is to...

 

1.  ...differentiate positive and negative kinds of stress.

2.  ...explain stress symptoms and ways to cope with them.

3.  ...share the author’s experience of managing stress.

4.  ...describe the unknown situations causing stress.

19.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово GOOD так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

No more selfies!

Modern social media is full of people’s selfies. People use various filters to look __________________ than they really are, but is it worth it?

20.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово TAKE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Psychologists point out that dealing too much with selfies can ruin a person’s self-⁠esteem. We should all stop ________________ so many selfies.

21.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово NOT NEED так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

We __________________ to create a false image of ourselves to be loved by others.

22.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово COME так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

Oranges

Do you like oranges? This bright fruit is very popular all over the world. Oranges __________________ to the West from Asian countries only in the 15th century.

23.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово THAT так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

You may be surprised to know that __________________ oranges were not in fact orange  — they were green.

24.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово LEARN так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Since that time people __________________ to make many things from oranges  — from orange juice to tasty marmalade.

25.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова INVENT од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

Pavel Yablochkov

Pavel Yablochkov was a Russian electrical engineer and businessman. He was also the __________________ of the Yablochkov candle  — a type of electric carbon arc lamp  — and the transformer. A Yablochkov candle was much easier to use than other kinds of lamps.

26.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова DEMONSTRATE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

The first public use of a Yablochkov candle took place in Paris in 1877. The Paris Exposition of 1878 gave Yablochkov a great opportunity to make a spectacular __________________ of his candle to the world audience.

27.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова SUCCESS од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

It was so __________________ that many contemporary businessmen got interested in Yablochkov candles.

28.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова QUICK од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

They __________________ set up companies licensing Yablochkov’s patents. From the mid-⁠1880s, Yablochkov started to devote more of his time to the problems of generating electrical energy.

29.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова SCIENCE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Many of Yablochkov’s further inventions were much ahead of his time. Modern __________________ still use his ideas in their work.

30.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Manage.

2.  Achieve.

3.  Complete.

4.  Succeed.

31.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Concerned.

2.  Considered.

3.  Convinced.

4.  Confessed.

32.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Broke.

2.  Crashed.

3.  Pushed.

4.  Fought.

33.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  However.

2.  Nevertheless.

3.  Moreover.

4.  Although.

34.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Appreciation.

2.  Expectation.

3.  Admiration.

4.  Determination.

35.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Predicts.

2.  Pretends.

3.  Provides.

4.  Permits.

36.  
i

A famous athlete

Victoria Green is a tennis player who holds the most combined major titles among active players. But how did she 30 ______ to get all of those cups? She dominates the court with her strength and agility. Her serve is 31 ______ one of the best serves in women's tennis history. She serves with power and places the ball with accuracy. At Wimbledon in 2010, Green not only won the tournament, but she also 32 ______ the tournament's record when she served 100 aces throughout her matches in the tournament!

Green uses her mental strength and resilience to win tennis matches. Victoria has made incredible comebacks in her career. In the 2013 US Open Final, she was losing to her opponent towards the end of the game. 33 ______ she was two points away from losing the whole match, Green did not give up. Finally, she made a comeback and won the championship! Her victories in high-⁠pressure tournaments illustrate her remarkable focus and 34 ______.

Victoria Green continues to play professional tennis and also runs her own businesses. She has been on the cover of many popular magazines. She has also created her own charitable organization that 35 ______ educational opportunities for underprivileged youth around the world. Victoria Green 36 ______ young people that they can accomplish their dreams through hard work and dedication.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Reviews.

2.  Reminds.

3.  Revises.

4.  Remembers.

37.  
i

You have received an email message from your English-⁠speaking pen-⁠friend Harley:

 

From: Harley@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Family

… For the first time in my life, I’ve participated in a school swimming competition, and my family supported me so much! What’s the best thing about your family? What do you usually talk to your parents about? Do you prefer spending your free time with family or friends and why? I’m going to a summer arts camp in August…

 

Write an email to Harley.

In your message:

  —  answer his questions;

  —  ask 3 questions about the summer arts camp.

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

38.  
i

38.1.  Imagine that you are doing a project on why some Zetlanders move to big cities. You have found some data on the subject  — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

 

ReasonsNumber of respondents

(%)

To get a new job34
To develop one’s business27
To get a better education26
To have more entertainment8
To make new friends 5

 

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

—  make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

—  select and report 2–3 facts;

—  make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

—  outline a problem that can arise with moving to a big city and suggest a way of solving it;

—  conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on living in a big city.

 

38.2.  Imaginе that you arе doing a projеct on what school project topics are popular among Zetland teenagers. You havе found somе data on thе subjеct  — thе rеsults of thе opinion polls (sее thе pie chart bеlow). Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

School project topics popular among Zetland teenagers

Write 200−250 words.

Usе thе following plan:

—  make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

—  select and report 2−3 facts;

—  make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

—  outline a problem that can arise with doing a school project and suggest a way of solving it;

—  conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of school projects.

39.  
i

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1,5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1,5 minutes to read it.

 

Horses are beautiful and powerful animals that can be found in almost every country in the world. They have oval-⁠shaped hooves, long tails, short hair and long, slender legs. Horses have long been domesticated by people. In the past, they were the most common means of travelling and transportation. Farmers also used them as a source of motive power. Today, horses still serve in work roles. However, they are just as common for sport, recreation and hobby. Domestication of horses has led to wide variations in the characteristics of breeds of horses. They vary from very slim to massive. Some horses are built for speed, strength or steadiness. The most valuable ones are certainly a combination of these important qualities.

Horses are highly social herd animals. They prefer to live in a group. There is always a dominant horse in the herd, while others obey it. The dominant horse directs the behaviour of others.

40.  
i

Study the advertisement.

Join our fitness club!

 

You are considering going to the fitness club and now you’d like to get more information. In 1,5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out about the following.

 

1.  Location.

2.  Programmes for beginners.

3.  Special equipment needed.

4.  Qualified coaches.

 

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

41.  
i

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2–3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

 

42.  
i

Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project "Communication." You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2,5 minutes be ready to:

 

—  explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;

—  mention the advantages (1–2) of the two types of communication;

—  mention the disadvantages (1–2) of the two types of communication;

—  express your opinion on the subject of the project  — which way of communication you prefer and why.

 

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.

Photo 1

Photo 2