Заголовок: Демонстрационная версия ЕГЭ—2020 по английскому языку
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РЕШУ ЕГЭ — английский язык
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Демонстрационная версия ЕГЭ—2020 по английскому языку

1.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те 6 вы­ска­зы­ва­ний. Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между вы­ска­зы­ва­ни­я­ми каж­до­го го­во­ря­ще­го A–F и утвер­жде­ни­я­ми, дан­ны­ми в спис­ке 1–7. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дое утвер­жде­ние, обо­зна­чен­ное со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей циф­рой, толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть одно лиш­нее утвер­жде­ние. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

1.  Knowing German offers you more career opportunities.

2.  German isn’t as difficult as you may think.

3.  You can’t learn the German language quickly.

4.  Writers, philosophers and scientists need to learn German.

5.  I learn German because I’m attracted by the culture.

6.  Some unique academic books exist only in German.

7.  German is almost an impossible language to learn.

 

Го­во­ря­щийABCDEF
Утвер­жде­ние
2.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те диа­лог. Опре­де­ли­те, какие из при­ве­ден­ных утвер­жде­ний А–G со­от­вет­ству­ют со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста (1  — True), какие не со­от­вет­ству­ют (2  — False) и о чем в тек­сте не ска­за­но, то есть на ос­но­ва­нии тек­ста нель­зя дать ни по­ло­жи­тель­но­го, ни от­ри­ца­тель­но­го от­ве­та (3  — Not stated). За­не­си­те номер вы­бран­но­го Вами ва­ри­ан­та от­ве­та в таб­ли­цу. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

A)  Greg studied in Russia for a year.

B)  Mary wants Greg to give her some advice.

C)  Mary still needs to get a visa to Russia.

D)  Greg thinks Mary shouldn’t take cash.

E)  Greg and Mary live in London.

F)  Mary always tips waiters in restaurants.

G)  Greg disliked Russian soups.

 

За­пи­ши­те в ответ цифры, рас­по­ло­жив их в по­ряд­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щем бук­вам:

ABCDEFG
       
3.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What do we learn about Maggie’s musical education?

 

1.  She didn’t have a special music talent.

2.  She attended a musical school for 9 years.

3.  She didn’t like playing the piano very much.


4.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Why did Maggie want to become an actress?

 

1.  This profession runs in her family.

2.  She wanted to overcome the stage fright.

3.  Acting on stage felt natural to her.


5.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Maggie say about directors and directing?

 

1.  She thinks David Lynch is the best director.

2.  She feels she could herself direct a film one day.

3.  She thinks she was fortunate to work with many talented directors.


6.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Maggie say is the most important thing for her about a film?

 

1.  The story.

2.  The screenplay.

3.  The partners.


7.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Maggie often plays mothers because...

 

1.  ...such roles provide lots of opportunities to an actress.

2.  ...people like her in such roles.

3.  ...she is a future mother herself.


8.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Maggie think of her appearance?

 

1.  She thinks she should take care of the way she looks on screen.

2.  She thinks her looks don’t interfere with her job.

3.  She thinks she’s very beautiful.


9.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

What does Maggie love about being an actress?

 

1.  Being able to play both men and women.

2.  Being able to express complex characters.

3.  Being able to look beautiful on screen.


10.  
i

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между тек­ста­ми A–G и за­го­лов­ка­ми 1–8. За­пи­ши­те свои от­ве­ты в таб­ли­цу. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дую цифру толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии один за­го­ло­вок лиш­ний.

 

1.  Building materials.

2.  The longest on Earth.

3.  Safe travel.

4.  Designing a building.

5.  Invented by accident.

6.  Comfortable living.

7.  How did they do it?

8.  Why seasons change.

 

A. Most of Africa’s rural peoples use natural resources that are locally available for their homes. In grasslands, people typically use grass to cover the walls and roofs. In forested areas, they use hardwoods as well as bamboo and raffia palm. Earth and clay are also major resources used in construction. In areas with few natural resources, people often live as nomads, moving from place to place. Instead of making permanent homes, they usually use simple shelters or tents made of animal skins and woven hair.

B. An architect must consider how a structure will be used and by whom. An apartment building, a palace, a hospital, a museum, an airport, and a sports arena all have different construction requirements. Another factor is the ideas the structure should communicate. For example, some buildings are made to impress people with a display of power and wealth; others  — to make everyone feel welcome. Other things to consider are the location and surrounding environment, including weather, and the cost of materials.

C. Did you know that an eleven-⁠year-⁠old child first created the Popsicle? The boy’s name was Frank Epperson. In 1905, Frank left a mixture of water and powdered soda out on his porch by mistake. It also contained a stir stick. That night, fortunately for Frank, the temperatures fell to a record low. As a result, he discovered the substance had frozen to the stick, and a frozen fruit flavoured ice treat was created. He decided to call it the epsicle, which was later patented by him and named as Popsicle.

D. As Earth goes around the sun, the North Pole points to the same direction in space. For about six months every year, the North Pole is tilted towards the sun. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere gets more direct sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere and more hours of daylight. During the other six months, the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. When the Northern Hemisphere gets the most sunlight, it experiences spring and summer. At the same time, the Southern Hemisphere gets autumn and winter.

E. In southern Peru, there is an isolated plateau where the wind almost never blows. Here, around the year 400 to 650 AD, the people of the Nazca culture created the famous Nazca lines, by removing the red stones covering the ground so that the white earth beneath was visible. These Nazca lines are actually portraits of animals such as monkeys, birds or fish. It is a mystery how such a primitive civilization could create such artwork with precision when they had no means of viewing their work from the air.

F. Antarctica, which is the southernmost and fifth largest continent, does not have twenty-⁠four-⁠hour periods divided into days and nights. In the South Pole, the sun rises on about September 21 and moves in a circular path until it sets on about March 22. This "day", or summer, is six months long. During this period, if the weather conditions are good, the sun can be seen twenty-⁠four hours a day. From March 22 until September 21, the South Pole is dark, and Antarctica has its "night", or winter.

G. Any ship that hits an iceberg can be damaged. The most famous iceberg in history sank the "Titanic", a ship travelling in the northern Atlantic Ocean, on April 15, 1912. The ship’s side scraped the iceberg, which tore holes in the hull. Within three hours, the ship was at the bottom of the ocean. After the loss of the "Titanic", several nations worked together to establish the International Ice Patrol. Today the U.S. Coast Guard runs the patrol, which warns ships about icebergs floating in Atlantic shipping routes.

 

ТекстABCDEFG
За­го­ло­вок
11.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

Russian souvenirs

Russia is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and balalaika are quite stereotypical presents. There are many other goods A _______________________.

Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad, B _______________________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift. Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie, C _______________________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores, D _______________________.

Belyovskaya pastila is a souvenir E _______________________. It has been made since the 19th century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian confection. Though it is called "pastila", it is not a marshmallow style delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya pastila is similar to a cake, F _______________________ of apples. It is considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner’s shops throughout Moscow.

 

1.  that one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir

2.  which are situated in the centre of Moscow

3.  that pleases the people with a sweet tooth

4.  although it has a slightly sour taste

5.  which is a town not very far from Moscow

6.  riding a bike around the villages in Russia

7.  reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea

 

Про­пускABCDEF
Часть пред­ло­же­ния
12.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


According to the author, in her childhood she used to...

 

1.  ...watch TV a lot.

2.  ...call her mother every half an hour.

3.  ...go to the mall with her family.

4.  ...do the shopping with her friends.

13.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


Which of the following does Athena do monthly?

 

1.  Goes to the mall with her family.

2.  Uses the Snapchat.

3.  Invites friends to her place.

4.  Changes her iPhone.

14.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


For Athena’s peers spending time alone in their rooms seems...

 

1.  ...natural.

2.  ...soothing.

3.  ...awkward.

4.  ...difficult.

15.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


Which of the following is NOT true about iGen teenagers, according to the author?

 

1.  Most of them feel extremely unhappy.

2.  It is easy to hurt them psychologically.

3.  They prefer loneliness to company.

4.  They have more physical health problems.

16.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


That in "I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that" (paragraph 5) refers to...

 

1.  ...being glued to their phones.

2.  ...behaving in a mean way.

3.  ...listening attentively to friends.

4.  ...discussing their problems.

17.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


The fact that Athena threw away her friend’s phone proves that...

 

1.  ...smartphones can cause mental health problems.

2.  ...teenagers know the problems caused by phones.

3.  ...smartphones make teenagers more aggressive.

4.  ...her friend thought she was doing the right thing.

18.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


What does the author suggest in her article?

 

1.  Phone use by young people should be limited.

2.  Smartphones cause violent behavior.

3.  Smartphones are not safe.

4.  There are good and bad sides in using smartphones.

19.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово WE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

The Thorn Birds

The Thorn Birds is a 1977 bestselling novel by the Australian author Colin McCullough. The story gives __________________ information about life on Australian sheep stations, but it also includes a dramatic love story.

20.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово BRING так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

The book __________________ the writer international fame as soon as it was published.

21.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово STAR так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

In 1983 it was adapted into a TV miniseries __________________ Richard Chamberlain and Rachel Ward.

22.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово LATE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

GPS functions

Car GPS Tracking appears a lot in new vehicles, offering drivers tracking and navigation. Yet, the __________________

inventions are even more modern and sophisticated, offering extra opportunities to people.

23.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово USE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Smart box technology is one example of how car GPS tracking systems __________________ to lower car insurance.

24.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово NOT BREAK так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

If the driver __________________ the rules, he gets a discount or an insurance premium.

25.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово BECOME так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Without doubt, this new technology __________________ popular among drivers very soon.

26.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова POPULATE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

Auckland

Auckland is the largest and most populous city in New Zealand. The __________________ of Auckland is getting close to 1.4 million residents.

27.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова CONVENIENT од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

It is __________________ situated in the North Island of the country, between the Waitakere Ranges and the Hauraki Gulf.

28.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова COMPARE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

The city enjoys an oceanic climate, which is __________________ to the climate in most of Europe.

29.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова APPOINT од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Nothing can __________________ you about Auckland, which is why it is a popular destination for numerous immigrants to New Zealand.

30.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова FRIEND од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Expats have an overall good experience when staying in Auckland. Most expats find it very easy to communicate with the locals, who are very __________________.

31.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова LOCATE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Another positive thing about Auckland is the amount of nature and free space, which is appreciated a lot, especially by those coming from more densely inhabited __________________.

32.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Prove.

2.  Ensure.

3.  Agree.

4.  Secure.

33.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  According.

2.  Regarding.

3.  Including.

4.  Concerning.

34.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Speaks.

2.  Tells.

3.  Says.

4.  Talks.

35.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Used.

2.  Made.

3.  Kept.

4.  Held.

36.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Amuse.

2.  Please.

3.  Satisfy.

4.  Enjoy.

37.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Makes.

2.  Gives.

3.  Turns.

4.  Takes.

38.  
i

Two years in a hut

Henry Thompson, a writer, built a hut on the shore of the pond and lived there all alone for two years. He did this for two reasons: because he wanted to 30 ______ that people spend too much time and money on food and clothes and because he wanted a perfectly quiet chance to write more books. 31 ______ to the writer, he spent only one hundred dollars a year while he lived in this hut. He raised beans on his land, ate wild berries, caught fish and "went visiting" his friends and neighbours now and then. To buy his woodsman’s clothes and a few necessities, he planted gardens, painted houses, and cut wood for his friends.

This period influenced Henry’s creative work a lot. He wrote a book called "The Wood" which 32 ______ all about these seven or eight hundred days he lived in his hut. Several other books also describe the time when he 33 ______ to live all by himself. These sold very well. In all of them Henry was boasting that he had found the only sensible way to live. "I am for simple living, and I 34 ______ being alone!" he would declare in his books. He 35 ______ you feel, when you read his books, that it is fine to walk around the fields, sniffing the wild grape and the green grass, and that no one can find pleasure like the man who rows, and skates, and swims. 36 ______, people passing by the pond used to hear him whistling old ballads, or playing very softly and beautifully on a flute, and they thought he sounded lonely and sad.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Although.

2.  Otherwise.

3.  Moreover.

4.  However.

39.  
i

You have received a letter from your English-⁠speaking pen-⁠friend Peter who writes:

 

… Reading books is my favourite pastime. Is reading important to you? Why? How do you like to spend your leisure time? What is your parents’ attitude to your hobbies and interests?

Yesterday was my father’s birthday …

 

Write a letter to Peter.

In your letter:

  — answer his questions

  — ask 3 questions about his father’s birthday.

 

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

40.  
i

Вы­бе­ри­те толь­ко ОДНО из двух пред­ло­жен­ных вы­ска­зы­ва­ний и вы­ра­зи­те свое мне­ние по пред­ло­жен­ной про­бле­ме со­глас­но дан­но­му плану.

 

Comment on one of the following statements.

 

1.  Education is the most valuable thing for a teenager.

2.  Robots will soon replace people in all jobs.

 

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200–250 words. Use the following plan:

− make an introduction (state the problem)

− express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

− express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

− explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

− make a conclusion restating your position

41.  
i

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

 

Birds live everywhere. They vary from pigeons in big cities to penguins in the Antarctic. However, all birds have similar features. For example, they all have wings. Still, not all of them can fly. All birds also have feathers. In fact, birds are the only living animals that have feathers. Birds build nests, in which female birds lay eggs.

Birds are warm-⁠blooded. It means that their body temperature stays about the same. It doesn’t depend much on the temperature of their surroundings. Mammals, including humans, are also warm-⁠blooded.

Birds have always fascinated people. Many people keep birds as pets. We also enjoy watching them in the wild or at zoos. In addition, farmers raise chickens, ducks and geese for their meat and eggs. Also, some people are quite fond of bird hunting.

42.  
i

Study the advertisement.

 

 

You are considering renting bicycles and now you'd like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

 

1)  minimum age;

2)  preparation;

3)  number of people in the group;

4)  accommodation for the night;

5)  duration of the trip.

 

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

43.  
i

These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.

 

1

2

3

 

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:

• where and when the photo was taken

• what/who is in the photo

• what is happening

• why you keep the photo in your album

• why you decided to show the picture to your friend

 

You have to talk continuously, starting with: "I’ve chosen photo number …"

44.  
i

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

• give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

• say what the pictures have in common

• say in what way the pictures are different

• say which way of celebration presented in the pictures you prefer

• explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.