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РЕШУ ЕГЭ — английский язык
Вариант № 3301273
1.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те 6 вы­ска­зы­ва­ний. Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между вы­ска­зы­ва­ни­я­ми каж­до­го го­во­ря­ще­го A–F и утвер­жде­ни­я­ми, дан­ны­ми в спис­ке 1–7. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дое утвер­жде­ние, обо­зна­чен­ное со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей циф­рой, толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть одно лиш­нее утвер­жде­ние. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

1.  Pets make your life more difficult.

2.  Not having pets makes me unhappy.

3.  Getting a pet is a serious decision to make.

4.  Having many pets is part of my life.

5.  Nobody understands me better than my pet.

6.  Having pets is good for personal development.

7.  One needs a lot of money to take care of a pet.

 

Го­во­ря­щийABCDEF
Утвер­жде­ние


2.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те диа­лог. Опре­де­ли­те, какие из при­ве­ден­ных утвер­жде­ний А–G со­от­вет­ству­ют со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста (1  — True), какие не со­от­вет­ству­ют (2  — False) и о чем в тек­сте не ска­за­но, то есть на ос­но­ва­нии тек­ста нель­зя дать ни по­ло­жи­тель­но­го, ни от­ри­ца­тель­но­го от­ве­та (3  — Not stated). За­не­си­те номер вы­бран­но­го Вами ва­ри­ан­та от­ве­та в таб­ли­цу. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

 

 

A.  Alice’s summer holidays will be over soon.

B.  Alice is going to get paid for her volunteer work.

C.  Alice has visited the Galapagos islands before.

D.  Alice knows some Russian.

E.  Miles thinks going to Russia is a good idea.

F.  Alice is thinking about choosing Italy as one of her destinations.

G.  Alice loves Italian food.

 

За­пи­ши­те в ответ цифры, рас­по­ло­жив их в по­ряд­ке, со­от­вет­ству­ю­щем бук­вам:

ABCDEFG
3.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Kim’s success as an actress makes her feel...

 

1.  ...extremely happy.

2.  ...slightly uncomfortable.

3.  ...very disappointed.


4.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Kim thinks that acting is...

 

1.  ...just a job.

2.  ...a way of life.

3.  ...her life priority.


5.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

One thing Kim and her heroine have in common is their...

 

1.  ...life-⁠partner’s occupation.

2.  ...working time-⁠tables.

3.  ...love for kids.


6.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Kim thinks that the most difficult thing for her and her husband is to...

 

1.  ...raise their children.

2.  ...remain in the spotlight.

3.  ...find more time to be together.


7.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

According to Kim, her heroine and she are different in their...

 

1.  ...public life.

2.  ...personalities.

3.  ...backgrounds.


8.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Hosting a TV show for Kim is...

 

1.  ...a way to learn a new skill.

2.  ...a long-⁠time ambition.

3.  ...a means to relax from her sitcom work.


9.  
i

Вы услы­ши­те ин­тер­вью два­жды. Вы­бе­ри­те пра­виль­ный ответ 1, 2 или 3.

 

 

Kim hopes to introduce people who...

 

1.  ...write about poverty.

2.  ...work with volunteers.

3.  ...deal with world problems.


10.  
i

Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между тек­ста­ми A–G и за­го­лов­ка­ми 1–8. За­пи­ши­те свои от­ве­ты в таб­ли­цу. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дую цифру толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии один за­го­ло­вок лиш­ний.

 

1.  Importance to people.

2.  Types of migrating birds.

3.  A way of spending free time.

4.  Where birds migrate.

5.  Behaviour and feeding habits.

6.  Causes of bird extinction.

7.  Causes of bird migration.

8.  Where birds live.

 

A. Birds are distinguished from all other animals by their feathers. Some types of birds live alone most of the time. Other types are more social. They may sleep, fly, and nest in groups called flocks. Birds use different sounds to communicate with one another. For example, some baby chicks stop moving when their mother produces a danger call. They may also sing to announce that a certain patch of land belongs to them. Many types eat insects. Some water birds catch fish. Many other types eat plant material.

 

B. Birds are found almost everywhere on Earth. There are more than 10,000 types of birds. All birds have similar features. The loss of a complete bird species may be inevitable because they are too sensitive to rapid changes. Birds living on small islands, or in desert or mountainous regions, can be vulnerable to slight changes in climate, while even minor disruptions of forest habitats can affect the breeding habits and survival of others. In some regions, it is the hunting of birds, for sport or to trade their pelts, that is the greatest threat.

 

C. Birds have spread throughout all parts of Earth because of their ability to fly. They live in a great variety of habitats, including fields, forests, grasslands, deserts, marshes, islands, and the open ocean. The size of an area and the diversity of the habitats help determine the number of species found in a given area. Many birds migrate, or fly long distances between their winter and summer homes. For example, many European birds travel to Africa for the winter. This helps them find enough food year-⁠round.

 

D. Every bird when it is seen for the first time brings a thrill of discovery. The spring migration is a fresh wonder every year. The surprise and delight of coming across a rarity and the difficulty of keeping it in view long enough to be sure of what it is help to make bird-⁠watching an endless fascination. Birdwatching is a hobby that can be enjoyed for a lifetime. In bird clubs the membership ranges in age from young children to grandparents. Bird-⁠watching can combine healthy outdoor activity with the pursuit of beauty and knowledge.

 

E. Some birds never move far from where they were born whereas others migrate and can travel huge distances in the process. Birds migrate from one summer season to the other. Although they take a lot of risk when they migrate, for many of them it significantly improves their chances of survival and allows them to raise more offspring in another region. Birds migrate to move from areas of low or decreasing resources to areas of high or increasing resources.

 

F. Birds and their eggs have been sources of food for humans since their origin and still are in most societies. With the rise of agriculture, birds became important to farmers. In their constant search for food, wild birds eat huge numbers of insects, weed seeds, and rodents. Insects, weeds, and rodents cut down the amount of food the farmer can harvest from field, garden, and orchard. Many people keep birds as pets. Small finches and parrots are especially popular. Zoological parks are a source of recreation for millions of people each year.

 

G. Migration is often annual. It is closely linked with the cyclic pattern of the seasons. It is most evident among birds, which have a highly efficient means of traveling swiftly over long distances. The migration of most birds is a yearly cycle. Not all birds migrate. Permanent residents do not migrate. They are able to find adequate supplies of food year-⁠round. Short-⁠distance migrants move only a short distance. Medium-⁠distance migrants cover distances that span from one to several states. There are also long-⁠distance migrants.

 

ТекстABCDEFG
За­го­ло­вок
11.  
i

Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

Russian souvenirs

Russia is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and balalaika are quite stereotypical presents. There are many other goods A _______________________.

Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad, B _______________________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift. Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie, C _______________________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores, D _______________________.

Belyovskaya pastila is a souvenir E _______________________. It has been made since the 19th century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian confection. Though it is called "pastila", it is not a marshmallow style delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya pastila is similar to a cake, F _______________________ of apples. It is considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner’s shops throughout Moscow.

 

1.  that one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir

2.  which are situated in the centre of Moscow

3.  that pleases the people with a sweet tooth

4.  although it has a slightly sour taste

5.  which is a town not very far from Moscow

6.  riding a bike around the villages in Russia

7.  reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea

 

Про­пускABCDEF
Часть пред­ло­же­ния
12.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


According to the author, in her childhood she used to...

 

1.  ...watch TV a lot.

2.  ...call her mother every half an hour.

3.  ...go to the mall with her family.

4.  ...do the shopping with her friends.

13.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


Which of the following does Athena do monthly?

 

1.  Goes to the mall with her family.

2.  Uses the Snapchat.

3.  Invites friends to her place.

4.  Changes her iPhone.

14.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


For Athena’s peers spending time alone in their rooms seems...

 

1.  ...natural.

2.  ...soothing.

3.  ...awkward.

4.  ...difficult.

15.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


Which of the following is NOT true about iGen teenagers, according to the author?

 

1.  Most of them feel extremely unhappy.

2.  It is easy to hurt them psychologically.

3.  They prefer loneliness to company.

4.  They have more physical health problems.

16.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


That in "I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that" (paragraph 5) refers to...

 

1.  ...being glued to their phones.

2.  ...behaving in a mean way.

3.  ...listening attentively to friends.

4.  ...discussing their problems.

17.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


The fact that Athena threw away her friend’s phone proves that...

 

1.  ...smartphones can cause mental health problems.

2.  ...teenagers know the problems caused by phones.

3.  ...smartphones make teenagers more aggressive.

4.  ...her friend thought she was doing the right thing.

18.  
i

iGeneration: teenagers affected by phones

One day last summer, around noon, I called Athena, a 13-⁠year-⁠old who lives in Houston, Texas. She answered her phone  — she has had an iPhone since she was 11  — sounding as if she’d just woken up. We chatted about her favorite songs and TV shows, and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends. "We go to the mall," she said. "Do your parents drop you off?" I asked, recalling my own middleschool days, in the 1980s, when I’d enjoy a few parent-⁠free hours shopping with my friends. "No  — I go with my family," she replied. "We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them. I just have to tell my mom where we are going. I have to check in every hour or every 30 minutes."

Those mall trips are infrequent  — about once a month. More often, Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones, unchaperoned. Unlike the teens of my generation, who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip, they talk on Snapchat, a smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappear. They make sure to keep up their Snapstreaks, which show how many days in a row they have Snapchatted with each other. She told me she had spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone. That is just the way her generation is, she said. "We didn’t know any life other than with iPads or iPhones. I think we like our phones more than we like actual people."

Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, today’s teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. They are markedly less likely to get into a car accident and, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinking’s attendant ills.

Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. It is not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental-⁠health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones.

However, in my conversations with teens, I saw hopeful signs that kids themselves are beginning to link some of their troubles to their ever-⁠present phone. Athena told me that when she does spend time with her friends in person, they are often looking at their device instead of at her. "I’m trying to talk to them about something, and they don’t actually look at my face," she said. "They’re looking at their phone, or they’re looking at their Apple Watch." "What does that feel like, when you’re trying to talk to somebody face-⁠to-⁠face and they’re not looking at you?" I asked. "It kind of hurts," she said. "It hurts. I know my parents’ generation didn’t do that. I could be talking about something super important to me, and they wouldn’t even be listening."

Once, she told me, she was hanging out with a friend who was texting her boyfriend. "I was trying to talk to her about my family, and what was going on, and she was like, 'Uh-⁠huh, yeah, whatever.' So I took her phone out of her hands and I threw it at the wall."

Though it is aggressive behavior that I don’t support, on the other hand  — it is a step towards a life with limited phone use. So, if I were going to give advice for a happy adolescence, it would be straightforward: put down the phone, turn off the laptop, and do something  — anything  — that does not involve a screen.


What does the author suggest in her article?

 

1.  Phone use by young people should be limited.

2.  Smartphones cause violent behavior.

3.  Smartphones are not safe.

4.  There are good and bad sides in using smartphones.

19.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово LITTLE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

Racing

Donna hated PE. It was her __________________ favourite subject at school. It wasn’t like Donna didn’t like sports. In fact, she was a good swimmer and she loved doing yoga.

20.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово ALLOW так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

But she enjoyed sports only when she __________________ to do things at her own pace. At school, however, it was always a competition.

21.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово RUN так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

She especially disliked races. And this is what she was doing now. She __________________ for 15 minutes already and was out of breath. But Donna didn’t want to be the last to arrive at the finish line. She was sad.

22.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово TWO так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

Suddenly she got her __________________ wind. She didn’t feel tired anymore. Running fast felt good. Well, PE wasn’t that bad after all!

23.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово TOOTH так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

Baboons in South Africa

Recently, the suburbs of the city of Cape Town in South Africa have been suffering from attacks of baboons. Baboons are rather big monkeys that can be quite scary because of their big sharp __________________, especially fangs.

24.  
i

Пре­об­ра­зуй­те, если это не­об­хо­ди­мо, слово SEE так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

They live on a mountain close to the houses and often come down to steal food from people. If baboons __________________ a person carrying a bag of food, they will most likely grab the bag and run away with it.

25.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова USUAL од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

July 24  — My family and I got an early morning start on our driving vacation from Illinois to Niagara Falls in Ontario, Canada.

I love reading the street signs and food labels in French and English. How __________________ to be in a country that is bilingual!

26.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова NATURE од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

July 25  — TWe started our day at Horseshoe Falls. Just watching all the millions of gallons of water flow over the Falls is mesmerizing. I couldn't take my eyes off the __________________ beauty. It was also very loud.

27.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова PROTECT од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

July 26  — Today we went on the Maid of the Mist boat ride. We had to put on very heavy raincoats. We needed this __________________ because our boat took us past the American Falls and into the heavy mist of Horseshoe Falls. I took some great pictures.

28.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова CONSTANT од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

We came back to the Falls at night to see the light display. Hundreds of lights that __________________ changed their colour were directed on the Falls.

29.  
i

Об­ра­зуй­те от слова TOUR од­но­ко­рен­ное слово так, чтобы оно грам­ма­ти­че­ски и лек­си­че­ски со­от­вет­ство­ва­ло со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста.

 

July 27  — We left Niagara Falls for the remainder of our trip to Toronto, Canada. We drove along Queen Victoria Park which parallels the Niagara River and was full of __________________. I agree with Winston Churchill who once remarked that this route is "the prettiest Sunday afternoon drive in the world."

30.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Speak.

2.  Talk.

3.  Tell.

4.  Say.

31.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Amazed.

2.  Impressed.

3.  Enjoyed.

4.  Admired.

32.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  In.

2.  On.

3.  From.

4.  For.

33.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Achieve.

2.  Manage.

3.  Complete.

4.  Master.

34.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Regarding.

2.  Concerning.

3.  Including.

4.  According.

35.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Review.

2.  Revise.

3.  Recall.

4.  Remind.

36.  
i

How to become a good leader

Being a good leader takes work. It is not hard at all to 30 ______ the difference between a good and a bad boss. Exceptional leaders  — those who are respected and 31 ______ by their team  — have a lot of secret skills that they put to use every day.

Firstly, building relationships  — both with your team and your partners  — is crucial in leading a team. That means your success depends greatly 32 ______ interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others. It’s a part of how we navigate social situations and then make decisions to 33 ______ goals. Several studies have found that a strong emotional intelligence is a top factor for a leader’s success. 34 ______ to the research, managers with the strongest emotional intelligence were much more likely to succeed.

Exceptional leaders are ones who regularly 35 ______ employees of the main goal. A team needs to know what they’re marching toward. With a larger vision in mind, their day-⁠to-⁠day work has more purpose.

Great leaders 36 ______ sure their daily behavior is a model for their team. They’re reliable (meaning they always follow through on what they’ve promised), they respect people’s time (meaning they don’t make others wait unnecessarily), and they retain a thoughtful, objective approach to problems or issues.


Вставь­те про­пу­щен­ное слово.

 

1.  Hold.

2.  Make.

3.  Take.

4.  Keep.

37.  
i

You have received an email message from your English-⁠speaking pen-⁠friend Matthew:

 

From: Friend@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Welcome

...We’ve just set the clock forward again for the Daylight Saving Time. I understand it is important for saving energy, but it’s so difficult to wake up an hour early! I usually go to bed quite late at night because of all the homework. School begins at 7 am, so I have to be at the school bus stop at 6:30! What time do you usually go to bed and wake up? How do you get to school? How much time do you spend on your homework?

Oh no! While I was writing this letter, my little brother dropped and broke my phone!

 

Write an email to Matthew. In your message:

  —  answer his questions;

  —  ask 3 questions about Matthew’s phone.

Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of email writing.

38.  
i

38.1.  Imagine that you are doing a project on what book genres are popular among teenagers in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject  — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

 

Book genreNumber of readers (%)
Adventure55.4
Detective/war/spy stories55.3
Sports stories49.2
Animal stories27.2
Romance17.6

 

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

—  make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

—  select and report 2–3 facts;

—  make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

—  outline a problem that can arise with reading and suggest a way of solving it;

—  conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of reading for teenagers.

 

38.2.  Imagine that you are doing a project on what people use their smartphones for in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject  — the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

What people use their smartphones for

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

—  make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

—  select and report 2–3 facts;

—  make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

—  outline a problem that one can face using smartphones and suggest a way of solving it;

—  conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the role of smartphones in our life.

39.  
i

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

 

A long time ago men learnt how to make structures with walls and roofs to protect themselves from bad weather and wild animals. These ancient structures were quite primitive and very different from modern buildings. Still, they gave people shelter and comfort which they needed. Now there are many types of buildings in the world. They vary in size, shape and function.

There are several factors which influence the construction of a building. Firstly, builders need to consider which building materials are available or suit better. Secondly, they must know what a building is going to be used for. Moreover, they should think about land prices and climate in the area where they are going to construct a building. It is not a very good idea to build a house with big windows in the north or construct a lot of detached houses in the city centre where land is very expensive.

40.  
i

Study the advertisement.

 

 

You are considering going to the sushi bar and you'd like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following.

 

1.  Working hours.

2.  Special dishes.

3.  If they have free Wi-⁠Fi.

4.  Location of the restaurant.

 

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

41.  
i

Task 3. You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2–3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Tapescript for Task 3

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss extreme sports. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What are the dangers of extreme sports?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Which kinds of extreme sports are popular in Russia? Which aren’t?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: If you had to choose, what kind of extreme sports would you try and why?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: What benefits do extreme sports provide?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Are you interested in extreme sports? Why?

Student: _________________________

Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

42.  
i

Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project "Indoors versus outdoors". You have found some illustrations and want to share the news. Leave a voice message to your friend. In 2.5 minutes be ready to:

 

—  explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;

—  mention the advantages (1–2) of spending time inside and outside;

—  mention the disadvantages (1–2) of spending time inside and outside;

—  express your opinion on the subject of the project  — whether you prefer indoor or outdoor activities.

 

You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.